
Richard A. Wahle
Senior Research Scientist
Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences
P.O. Box 475
180 McKown Point Road
West Boothbay Harbor, ME 04575-0475
U.S.A.
180 McKown Point Road
West Boothbay Harbor, ME 04575-0475
U.S.A.
Phone:
207 633 9600
Fax:
207 633 9641
Curriculum Vitae
Education
- Ph.D., Zoology, University of Maine, 1990
- M.S., Biology, San Francisco State University, 1982
- B.A., Zoology, University of New Hampshire, 1977
Research Interests
- Lobster Recruitment Ecology
- This research aims to develop a better understanding of the influence of the ocean environment on changes in populations of the American lobster, Homarus americanus. The work investigates processes operating both before and after larval settlement. A central component of the research is a New England-wide long-term time series of lobster larval settlement, largely supported by respective state agencies and the lobster industry. Ecological research on pre- and post-settlement processes influencing lobster population dynamics has been variously supported since 1987 by NSF and three NOAA programs: Sea Grant, National Undersea Research Center, and NESDIS. In addition, we have launched a new initiative to improve tools to understand the population dynamics and movements of older lobsters that have emerged from nurseries. This work, supported by Maine Sea Grant and the Island Institute, aims to develop trap-based mark-recapture methods that move beyond the collection of data on individual growth and movement as is gathered from traditional tagging studies to more comprehensive population-level information on abundance, gains and losses.
- Deep Sea Red Crab Ecology
- The deep sea red crab, Chaceon quinquedens, is a developing fishery in New England's continental slope waters. Despite the potential growth of this industry, no population survey has been conducted in nearly thirty years. With support from NOAA's Northeast Consortium, Saltonstall-Kennedy and Sea Grant programs, this harvestor-scientist collaboration aims to gather basic demographic data on red crabs using deep water camera and trawl surveys. This research will allow us to come to a better understanding of the ecology of the red crab, and to provide fisheries managers and the red crab industry with the information necessary to develop an informed management plan. Red Crab Photo Gallery
- Sea Urchin Reproductive Ecology
- With support from the Maine Department of Marine Resources, this research evaluates the conflicting effects of changes in population density on reproduction in the green sea urchin, Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis. As free-spawners urchins have higher fertilization rates at high population densities. Conversely, crowding can adversely affect gonad production through food limitation. It has now become ever more important to evaluate these trade-offs because the sea urchin has been rapidly depleted in the past decade by harvesting for the Japanese market. There is justified concern that as populations are thinned, reproduction of these free spawners will be dramatically diminished.
Selected Publications
- and Fogarty, M.J. 2006. Chapter 1 - Growth. In: B. Phillips (ed.), Lobsters: Biology, management, aquaculture and fisheries. Sinauer & Assoc. Pp. 1-44.
- Incze, L. S, , N. Wolff, C. Wilson, R. Steneck, E. Annis, P. Lawton, H. Xue, and Y. Chen. 2006. Early life history and a modeling framework for lobster (Homarus americanus) populations in the Gulf of Maine. Journal of Crustacean Biology: 26: 555-564.
- Dunnington, M.J., , M.C. Bell, N.R. Geraldi. 2005. Evaluating local population dynamics of the American lobster, Homarus americanus, with trap-based mark-recap ture methods and seabed mapping. N. Z. J. Mar. 39: 1253-1276.
- Gaudette, J. and 2005. Spawning events in small and large populations of the sea urchin, Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis. Limnol. & Oceanogr. 51:1485-1496.
- Gibson, M. & 2005. Disease impacts on recruitment to coastal Rhode Island lobster populations. Proceedings of Workshop on Shell Disease, March 2005. New England Aquarium Publication .
- , Incze, l.S., Fogarty, M. 2004. First projections of American lobster Homarus americanus recruitment from a settlement index. Bull. Mar. Sci. 74: 101-114.
- 2003. Revealing the stock-recruitment relationship in lobsters and crabs: Is experimental ecology the key? Fish. Res. 65: 3-32.
- Incze, L.S., Wolff, N., 2003. Can scientific observations of early life stages be scaled up to the level of a fished population? A case study using Homarus americanus. Fish. Res. 65: 33-46.
- and A. Gilbert. 2002. Detecting and quantifying male sea urchin spawning with time-integrated fertilization assays. Mar. Biol. 140: 375-382.
- , O. Tully, and V. O' Donovan. 2001. Environmentally mediated crowding effects on survival, growth, and metabolism of the American lobster. Mar. & Freshw. Res. 52:1157-1166.
- Castro, K., J.S. Cobb, , and J. Catena. 2001. Habitat addition and stock enhancement for American lobsters, Homarus americanus. Mar. & Freshw. Res. 52: 1253-1261.
- 2000. Fisheries in a sea of change: ecology and oceanography of New England’s fishing grounds. Northeast Naturalist 7: 317-328.
- Incze, L.S., , and A. Palma. 2000. Advection and settlement rates in a benthic invertebrate: recruitment to first benthic stage in Homarus americanus. ICES J. Mar. Sci. 57: 430-437.
- and H. Peckham.1999. Density-related reproductive trade-offs in the green sea urchin, Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis. Mar. Biol. 134:127-137.
- Cobb, J.S., M. Clancy, and . 1999. Habitat-based assessment of lobster abundance: a case study of an oil spill. In: L.R. Benaka (ed.) Fish habitat: Essential fish habitat and rehabilitation - Proceedings of the Sea Grant symposium on fish habitat, Hartford, CT 26-27 Aug. 1998. Am. Fish. Soc. Symp. 22: 285-298.
- Palma, A. T., , and R.S. Steneck. 1998. Different early post-settlement strategies between American lobsters (Homarus americanus) and rock crabs (Cancer irroratus) in the Gulf of Maine. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 162: 215-225.
- James-Pirri, M.J., J.S. Cobb, and . 1998. Influence of settlement time and size on post-settlement growth in the American lobster (Homarus americanus). Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 55: 2436-2446.
- 1997. Consequences of fishing, with regard to lobster fisheries: report from a workshop. Mar. & Freshw. Res. 48: 1115-1120.
- and L.S. Incze. 1997. Pre- and post-settlement processes in recruitment of the American lobster. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 217: 179-207.
- Incze, L.S., , and J.S. Cobb. 1997. Quantitative relationships between postlarval supply and benthic recruitment in the American lobster. Mar. & Freshw. Res. 48: 729-743.
- , O. Tully, and V. O'Donovan. 1996. Lipofuscin as an indicator of age in crustaceans: analysis of the pigment in the lobster, H. americanus. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 138: 117-123.
- Bertness, M., S. Gaines and . 1996. Wind-driven settlement patterns in the acorn barnacle, Semibalanus balanoides. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 137: 103-110.
- Cobb, J.S., and . 1994. Early life history and recruitment processes of clawed lobsters: a review. Crustaceana 67: 1-25.
- 1993. Recruitment to American lobster populations along an estuarine gradient. Estuaries 16: 731-738.
- 1992. Body-size-dependent anti-predator mechanisms of the American lobster and a model of their trade-offs. Oikos 65:52-60.
- and R.S. Steneck. 1992. Habitat restrictions in early benthic life: experiments on substratum selection and in situ predation with the American lobster. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 157: 91-114.
- and R.S. Steneck. 1991. Recruitment habitats and nursery grounds of the American lobster (Homarus americanus): a demographic bottleneck? Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 69: 231-243.