Joaquim Goés
180 McKown Point Road
West Boothbay Harbor, ME 04575-0475
U.S.A.
CLIMATE CHANGE RESEARCH
- Eurasian Warming and Arabian Sea Phytoplankton Blooms
- El Niño and Carbon Export in the North Pacific
Education
- Ph.D., Nagoya University, Japan, 1996
- M.Sc., Bombay University, India, 1985
- B.Sc., Bombay University, India, 1980
Research Interests
My major research interests fall within the general field of biological oceanography, with special reference to marine phytoplankton and how they interact with the environment to influence the health of our planet. For my research work, I rely on an approach that looks at phytoplankton at the cellular level, where changes in phytoplankton cell physiology, biochemistry and optical properties are studied as a means of evaluating their role and response to changes in the environment. With the help of empirical or semi-analytical modeling techniques, information obtained at the cellular level is then extrapolated to regional and global scales using data from satellites and ships.
My most recent work in this direction has led to the development of a satellite based method that makes it possible to estimate the drawdown of atmospheric CO2 (export production) into the oceans by phytoplankton. This compound remote sensing method relies on estimating inorganic nitrate in seawater from space. The uptake of inorganic nitrate in the water column over the growth season of phytoplankton is used to calculate export production. The method has been successfully tested in the North Pacific Ocean, a region which experiences strong climate-modulated seasonal, interannual to decadal variations in meteorological and physical oceanographic conditions, which have a profound impact on phytoplankton production. Our ongoing work is directed at understanding how biological processes and carbon sequestration into the subarctic Pacific Ocean are impacted by the rise and fall of El-Niño and La Niña events at the Equator.
Another research project that is currently underway is aimed at understanding consequences of enhanced ultraviolet (UV) radiation on the marine ecosystem. This investigation is directed specifically at examining the impact of UV radiation on marine phytoplankton community structure, physiology and biochemistry and assessing the consequences of these changes on the ocean's food web and biogeochemical cycles.
Over the past two years, we (Dr. Barney Balch and I at Bigelow Laboratory) have been working to develop the Flow Field-Flow Fractionation (FFFF) technique for use in marine sciences. Currently, the FFFF technique, which can provide information on size spectra of sub micron particles is being utilized to understand the formation (phytoplankton exudates, viral lysis of phytoplankton and bacteria etc.) and fate of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in seawater (bacterial uptake, aggregation, photo-oxidation etc.). DOM is by far the most abundant form of reduced carbon and detrital material in the ocean, and it is one of the largest reactive reservoirs of organic carbon on Earth. We believe that the FFFF can provide information on how DOM can become non-reactive and how it can affect light scattering and radiative transfer properties of seawater.
Select Publications
- , P. G. Thoppil, H. do R. Gomes, and J. T. Fasullo (2005) Warming of the Eurasian Landmass Is Making the Arabian Sea More Productive. Science, 22 April, 545-547
- , H. do R. Gomes, N. Handa, T. Saino and S. Taguchi. 2002. Effect of UV-B radiation on the pathways of carbon biosynthesis in marine phytoplankton and its implications for the marine ecosystem. International Association  of Theoretical and Applied Limnology, Verhandlugen IVL, 27: 3335-3343.
- and N. Handa. 2002. The 13C tracer-GC-MS methodology for estimating the production rates of organic compounds in phytoplankton. In: D.V. Subba Rao (ed) Pelagic Ecology Methodology, A.A. Balkema Publishers, Tokyo.
- , H. do R. Gomes, A. Limsakul, W. M. Balch and T. Saino. 2001. El-Niño-related interannual variations in biological production in the north Pacific Ocean as evidenced by satellite and ship data. Progress in Oceanography, 49: 211-225.
- , T. Saino, J. Ishizaka, C. S. Wong, Y. Nojiri. 2000. Estimating sea surface nitrate and new production from remotely sensed sea surface temperature and chlorophyll. Geophysical Research Letters, 27: 1263-1265.
- Gomes, H. do R., and T. Saino. 2000. Influence of physical processes and freshwater discharge on the seasonality of phytoplankton regime in the Bay of Bengal. Continental Shelf Research, 20: 293-311.
- , T. Saino, H. Oaku, L. J. Ding. 1999. A method for estimating sea surface nitrate concentrations from remotely sensed SST and chlorophyll a - a case study for the north Pacific Ocean using OCTS/ADEOS data. IEEE Â Transactions of Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 37: 1633-1644.
- , N. Handa, S. Taguchi, T. Hama and H. Saito. 1996. Metabolism of storage and structural carbohydrates in marine phytoplankton exposed to ultraviolet radiation. Limnology and Oceanography, 41: 1478-1489.
- , N. Handa, S. Taguchi, T. Hama and H. Saito. 1995. Ultraviolet radiation induced changes in the production patterns and composition of dissolved free and combined amino acids in marine phytoplankton. J. Plankton Research, 17:1337-1362.
- , N. Handa, S. Taguchi and T. Hama. 1994. Effect of UV-B radiation on the fatty acid composition of a marine phytoplankton Tetraselmis sp.: relationship to pigments. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 114:259-274.
- References
Professional Affiliations and Memberships
- National Institute of Oceanography, Goa, India - (Scientist - until 1999)
- American Society for Limnology and Oceanography
- American Geophysical Union
- Japan Oceanography Society
- Society of International Limnologists
Awards
- (1992) Monbusho Doctoral Scholarship, Ministry of Education, Japan
- (1997) Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Post-Doctoral Fellowship, Ministry of Education, Japan
- (2001) Takeda Foundation Techno Entrepreneurship 2001 Award for Environmental Sciences